Banu musa biography of michael

Banu Musa: Meet the 9th-century orphaned Muslim brothers who reinvented mechanics

Ninth-century Baghdad hailed three orphaned brothers as magicians. However, the secret to their fame was not magic but rather their impressive understanding of mechanics.

The three brothers — Mohammed, the eldest; Ahmed, the second youngest; and Hasan, the youngest — wrote more than 20 science books under the moniker 'Banu Musa'.

Several of their works are considered definitive works of geometry and astronomy. They showed a remarkable ability to apply theoretical knowledge to practice and benefited from The House of Wisdom, the famed intellectual knowledge centre.

Following the passing of their father, Musa ibn Shakir, the brothers were able to accumulate significant wealth and influence at The House of Wisdom thanks to his close relationship with Caliph Al Mamun.

"While their inventions were influenced by the works of Greek mathematicians, the Musa brothers also demonstrated their ingenuity by devising original methods and designs. They are also believed to be the pioneers in creating the first programmable machine, an automatic flute player they invented"

In exchange for five hundred dina

Muhammad bin Musa bin Shakir Banu Musa, ( - ), adalah seorang astronom dan matematikawan dari Baghdad. Banu Musa bersaudara merupakan putra-putra dari Musa ibn Shakir yang bekerja sebagai ahli astrologi Khalifah al-Ma'mun. Pada saat Musa ibn Shakir meninggal, dia meninggalkan anak-anaknya yang masih muda dalam lingkungan kekhalifahan.

Musa memercayakan anak-anaknya untuk dibimbing oleh Ishaq bin Ibrahim al-Mus'abi, mantan gubernur Baghdad. Dalam bidang pendidikan, ia menitipkan anak-anaknya kepada Yahya bin Abu Mansur. Seorang cendekiawan yang bergiat di Bayt al-Hikmah.

Kitab al-Hiyal atau Kitab Perangkat Mekanik merupakan hal bernilai yang ditinggalkan Banu Musa bersaudara. Melalui kitab ini, mereka memberikan warisan berguna bagi perkembangan teknik dan arsitektur dalam dunia Islam.


Banu Musa Bersaudara

Banu Musa bersaudara hidup pada abad ke Mereka adalah ilmuwan yang sangat aktif berkegiatan di Bayt al-Hikmah, Baghdad, Irak. Ini merupakan sebuah tempat yang terkenal dengan perpustakaan dan penerjemahan beragam ilmu pengetahuan.

Banu Musa terdiri atas tiga bersaudara. Yang pertama adalah Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir yang hidup antara tahun Dia memiliki



Las culturas islámicas también aportaron su granito de arena al mundo de los autómatas. Durante varios siglos, las ciudades islámicas florecieron dando sombra al quebrado Occidente y preservaron el saber de la antigua Grecia y contaban con la ventaja de que tenían muy cerca los materiales necesarios para darle un empujón a todo ese conocimiento. Así surjieron figuras como los hermanos Banu Musa: Mamad (matemático, fílosofo y astrónomo), Ahmad (físico y matemático) y al-Hasan (geómetra). Estos tres hermanos heredaron el saber de Filón y Herón y dieron forma a cantidad de artilugios.

De sobras es conocido el interés de los árabes por el agua como elemento clave en jardines y villas de recreo; los Banu Musa le dieron una vuelta de tuerca a la fuente de Herón y consiguieron fuentes que echaban el agua de distintas maneras e incluso que las alternaban automáticamente. Simplemente delimitando por dónde salía el agua, conseguían un chorro vertical, en forma de lirio o escudo que variaban según diversos mecanismos.

El más simple de los mecanismos consistía en un reservorio de agua apartado de la fuente y elevado dividido en dos compartimentos independientes que conducían el agua

al-Hasan Banu Musa

Biography

The three Banu Musa brothers are almost indistinguishable and most of the information is at THIS LINK. However, there is some information specific to the youngest brother: al-Hasan ibn Musa ibn Shakir.

He wrote The elongated circular figure which is a work on the ellipse. This book is lost except for a fragment in Hebrew of a compilation by Ibn al-Samh. From this fragment Rashed in [3] deduces that al-Hasan had two objectives. One objective was to measure a curved area while the other was to study the geometric properties of curves. Rashed claims, as we have suggested above, that while Archimedes' texts were being translated into Arabic for the first time, the Banu Musa (perhaps al-Hasan in particular) was trying to give new proofs of the Greek results as well as trying to prove results going beyond what the Greeks had achieved.
THIS LINK

  1. Al-Dabbagh, Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography(New York ).
    See THIS LINK.
  2. D El-Dabbah, The geometrical treatise of the ninth-century Baghdad mathematicians Banu Musa (Russian), in History Methodology Natur. Sci., No. V, Math. Izdat.(Moscow, ),
  3. Banu Musa, The Encyclopaedia of I

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