LE BON GUSTAVE ()
Sociologue français, célèbre par l&#;intérêt qu&#;il porta à la « psychologie des foules ». Gustave Le Bon fut un esprit universel et un polygraphe abondant. De formation médicale, il se distingua dans les ambulances mobiles en , publia des travaux sur le choléra, sur la mort apparente, sur l&#;hygiène du soldat, sur l&#;asphyxie ; puis il se tourna vers l&#;anthropologie et fut chargé en d&#;une mission d&#;archéologie aux Indes. Il fonda chez Flammarion la célèbre Bibliothèque de philosophie contemporaine, dans laquelle il allait publier désormais la plupart de ses œuvres ; celles-ci portent, d&#;un côté, sur la politique et ce qu&#;on appellera bientôt la sociologie, ou la psychologie sociale, et, d&#;un autre côté, sur la physique théorique, science à laquelle Le Bon s&#;adonne à partir de ; ses recherches, conduites dans un laboratoire privé, furent en général mal accueillies par les savants de l&#;époque ; elles contiennent pourtant des intuitions intéressantes sur les rapports entre la matière et l&#;énergie.
D&#;une œuvre écrite considérable, sans cesse rééditée du vivant de l&#;auteur et traduite en une douzaine de langues, on ret
Le Bon, Gustave (–)
Le Bon, Gustave (–), French social scientist and philosopher. Although Gustave Le Bon was originally trained as a physician, Le Bon's primary contribution was in sociology, where he developed major theories on crowd behavior.
The electric interests and abilities of Gustave Le Bon led to a full and productive life. Studies ranging from components of tobacco smoke, through physical anthropology, to atomic energy and structure describe the broad range of scholarly interests Le Bon maintained until his death. Because of this wide range, many have thought of Le Bon's work as shallow and dilettantish. No one in the course of a lifetime could possibly master all the disciplines observed in Le Bon's scholarly work. Nevertheless, men such as Sigmund Freud and Gordon Allport acknowledged the vital importance of Le Bon's work.
While Le Bon made contributions to theories of social evolution and political revolution, probably his most widely known work concerned the psychology of crowd behavior. He stated that crowds maintained a collective mind and that the group mind was not simply a summary of the individual persons. Instead, a new distillation of traits emerge
Gustave Le Bon facts for kids
Charles-Marie Gustave Le Bon (French: [ɡystav lə bɔ̃]; 7 May – 13 December ) was a leading Frenchpolymath whose areas of interest included anthropology, psychology, sociology, medicine, invention, and physics. He is best known for his work The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind, which is considered one of the seminal works of crowd psychology.
A native of Nogent-le-Rotrou, Le Bon qualified as a doctor of medicine at the University of Paris in He opted against the formal practice of medicine as a physician, instead beginning his writing career the same year of his graduation. He published a number of medical articles and books before joining the French Army after the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War. Defeat in the war coupled with being a first-hand witness to the Paris Commune of strongly shaped Le Bon's worldview. He then travelled widely, touring Europe, Asia and North Africa. He analysed the peoples and the civilisations he encountered under the umbrella of the nascent field of anthropology, developing an essentialist view of humanity, and invented a portable cephalometer during his travels.
In the s, he turned to psychology and socio
Gustave Le Bon
| French psychologist, sociologist, anthropologist Date of Birth: Country: France |
Biography of Gustave Le Bon
Gustave Le Bon, a French psychologist, sociologist, and anthropologist, was born in in Nogent-le-Rotrou, France. He came from a family of Breton and Burgundian descent, although they belonged to the middle class and were not particularly wealthy. Little is known about Le Bon's childhood, but it is known that he studied medicine at the University of Paris after graduating from a classical lyceum. He continued his studies in Europe, Asia, and North Africa during the s to s. It was during this time that Le Bon began writing scientific articles that contributed to the field of medicine.
Although Le Bon held a doctorate, he never practiced medicine and instead focused on his scientific publications. In the early s, he published a work on chronic diseases in people living in marshy areas. Later, he wrote an article on fever caused by body intoxication, which was supplemented with additional works on the same topic. Le Bon's interests extended beyond medicine to include archaeology, anthropology, and sociology. In , he published a book on the
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