Lake Superior
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Robert S. DuncansonAmerican
On view at The Met Fifth Avenue inGallery
Duncanson was the first African American painter to study abroad and attain international success. Born free in upstate New York, he launched his career as a largely self-taught artist in Cincinnati, Ohio, where abolitionist patrons raised funds to support his training in Europe. By , Duncansonwas hailed in the American press as "the best landscape painter in the West." Self-exiled during theCivil War, he toured his pictures successfully throughout England, Scotland, and Canada, where he helped launch a regional landscape movement. This oil sketch of Lake Superior—the largest freshwater lake in North America—suggests the influence British American painters such as Thomas Cole had on Duncanson’s approach to nature, while also visualizing his continental reputation.
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Title:Lake Superior
Artist:Robert S. Duncanson (–)
Date
Cul
Summary of Robert S. Duncanson
A key figure within a so-called "second generation" of Hudson River School of landscape painters, Duncanson achieved fame in North America and Europe during his own lifetime, and in so doing, he became a torchbearer for future generations of Black American artists. Referred to in the press of his day as "the best landscape painter in the West", Duncanson earned his reputation on the back of a series of picturesque vistas featuring serene rivers, glassy lakes, and luxuriant mountain ranges. Given his close connection with abolitionist leaders, many historians and critics have argued that his beautifully executed panoramas carry coded commentaries on the evils of the slave trade. With the onset of the American Civil War, Duncanson went into self-imposed exile, moving to Canada where he helped launch a dedicated Canadian landscape school.
Accomplishments
- Duncanson first established himself as an artist in the prosperous city of Cincinnati, Ohio. Known at the time as the "Athens of the West", Cincinnati had vigorous cultural scene and was home to a large free Black community and an active convergence of White abolitionists (some of whom would bec
Robert Scott Duncanson ( – December 21, ) was born in Seneca County, New York in [1] Duncanson’s father was a Canadian of Scottish descent and his mother was an African American, thus making him “a freeborn person of color.”[2] Duncanson, an artist who is relatively unknown today, painted America, both physically and figuratively, at a time when the country was in turmoil. Beautiful and serene, Duncanson’s work sheds light on American art that has been forgotten over the years.
Background
As a young boy, Duncanson lived with his father in Canada, while his mother lived in Mount Pleasant, Ohio, a village fifteen miles (24 km) north of Cincinnati. It was not until the summer of that Duncanson left Canada for Mount Pleasant. Upon his return to his mother’s home, Duncanson said, “I’ve come back to be an artist.”[3] Yearning to do more with paint than use it on houses, as he had been doing since with his house painting and decorating venture, he moved to Cincinnati, which seemed to be the right place. Around this time period, Cincinnati was “known as the Athens of the West.”[4] Although Duncanson possessed the drive and determination to be an artist, he received no technical traini
Robert S. Duncanson Charted New Paths for Black Artists in 19th-Century America
It is not every day that a 19th-century landscape painter is the subject of national news, but that was the case last week, when a work by Robert S. Duncanson on loan from the Smithsonian American Art Museum was presented to the Biden administration by Congress as an inaugural gift. Duncanson is not a household name—or, at least, not an artist as well-known as some of his contemporaries, including William Louis Sonntag and Worthington Whitteredge. (When the New York Times covered the gift, for example, it did not name Duncanson, only referring to him as a “Black artist.”) But during his day, Duncanson achieved fame, both in the U.S. and Europe, and blazed a trail for future generations of Black artists. To survey Duncanson’s achievements, below is a guide to his life and art.
Related Articles
In 19th-century Ohio, Duncanson’s landscapes brought him unparalleled success.
These days, Duncanson’s idyllic landscapes, filled with peaceful rivers and verdant mountains, reside in the collections of the U.S.’s top museums, from the Metropolitan Museu
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